Deficiency of Capicua disrupts bile acid homeostasis
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8272
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Capicua (CIC) has been implicated in pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 and cancer in mammals
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however
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the in vivo physiological functions of CIC remain largely unknown. Here we show that Cic hypomorphic (Cic-L-/-) mice have impaired bile acid (BA) homeostasis associated with induction of proinflammatory cytokines. We discovered that several drug metabolism and BA transporter genes were down-regulated in Cic-L-/- liver
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and that BA was increased in the liver and serum whereas bile was decreased within the gallbladder of Cic-L-/- mice. We also found that levels of proinflammatory cytokine genes were up-regulated in Cic-L-/- liver. Consistent with this finding
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levels of hepatic transcriptional regulators
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such as hepatic nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF1α)
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CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ)
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forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2)
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and retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα)
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were markedly decreased in Cic-L-/- mice. Moreover
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induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfα) expression and decrease in the levels of FOXA2
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C/EBPβ
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and RXRα were found in Cic-L-/- liver before BA was accumulated
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suggesting that inflammation might be the cause for the cholestasis in Cic-L-/- mice. Our findings indicate that CIC is a critical regulator of BA homeostasis
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and that its dysfunction might be associated with chronic liver disease and metabolic disorders.