A gravitational wave observatory operating beyond the quantum shot-noise limit

Abstract

Around the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein？s General Theory of Relativity (1) and are generated e.g. by black-hole binary systems (2). Current GW detectors are Michelsontype kilometer-scale laser interferometers measuring the distance changes between in vacuum suspended mirrors. The sensitivity of these detectors at frequencies above several hundred Hertz is limited by the vacuum (zero-point) fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. A quantum technology the injection of squeezed light (3) offers a solution to this problem. Here we demonstrate the squeezed-light enhancement of GEO600, which will be the GW observatory operated by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration in its search for GWs for the next 3- 4 years. GEO600 now operates with its best ever sensitivity which proves the usefulness of quantum entanglement and the qualification of squeezed light as a key technology for future GW astronomy (4).